Entities

International Business Machines, founded in 1911 and based in Armonk, New York, sells hybrid cloud and AI software, consulting and computing infrastructure.

Advanced Micro Devices, founded in 1969 and based in Santa Clara, designs processors, graphics chips and AI accelerators for PCs, servers and data centres.

Hermès International, founded in Paris in 1837 as a harness workshop, makes leather goods, silk, ready-to-wear and other objects and reported revenue of 16 billion euros in 2025.

Salesforce, Inc. is a San Francisco software company and the largest provider of CRM software. It reported $41.5 billion in revenue for fiscal 2026.

Shopify Inc. is a Canadian commerce software company. Merchants on its platform sold $378 billion of goods in 2025.

Stripe is a financial infrastructure company used by more than 5 million businesses. Volume on its platform reached $1.9 trillion in 2025.

AstraZeneca PLC is a British-Swedish biopharmaceutical group formed in 1999. It reported $58.7 billion in revenue for 2025 and aims for $80 billion by 2030.

Brunello Cucinelli S.p.A. is an Italian luxury company based in Solomeo and known for cashmere. It reported record revenue of about 1.41 billion euros for 2025.

Prada S.p.A. is a Milan luxury group that owns Prada, Miu Miu, Versace and Church's. It reported 5.718 billion euros in net revenues for 2025.

Adobe Inc., founded in 1982 and based in San Jose, makes Photoshop, Acrobat and Creative Cloud. This page covers its history, business, figures and leaders.

Microsoft Corporation, founded in 1975 and based in Redmond, makes Windows, Microsoft 365, Azure, Xbox and LinkedIn. This page covers its history, business, figures and leaders.

Amazon.com, Inc. is the Seattle group behind a global online store, Amazon Web Services and Prime. This page sets out its history, business, figures and leadership.

Kering, the Paris group behind Gucci, Saint Laurent and Bottega Veneta, began as a timber trader in 1963 and reported revenue of 14.7 billion euros in 2025.

Chanel is a privately owned French luxury house that began as a Paris hat shop in 1910 and reported revenue of 19.3 billion dollars in 2025.

General Motors is the Detroit carmaker founded in 1908 that sells Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac and Buick vehicles and reported $185.0 billion of revenue in 2025.

PepsiCo is the American food and drinks group formed in 1965 from Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay, with 2025 net revenue of $93.9 billion.

Starbucks is the Seattle coffee roaster and retailer that opened its first shop in 1971 and now runs close to 41,000 stores in 89 markets.

Uber Technologies, Inc. is the San Francisco company behind ride-hailing, delivery and freight apps in more than 70 countries, with $52.0 billion in revenue in 2025.

Netflix, Inc. is the Los Gatos streaming company founded in 1997, with $45.2 billion in revenue in 2025 and more than 325 million paid memberships.

YouTube is the video-sharing service of the Alphabet group, founded in 2005 and bought by Google in 2006, with ad and subscription revenue above $60 billion in 2025.