Founding Day is a national occasion that commemorates the establishment of the Saudi state by Imam Muhammad bin Saud more than three centuries ago.
The state was founded as a political entity to achieve unity and stability, leading to the prosperity of the Kingdom, which took Diriyah as its capital and witnessed the flourishing of culture and knowledge.
His Majesty King Salman bin Abdulaziz issued a royal decree declaring February 22 as Saudi Arabia’s Founding Day to be celebrated annually.
On this occasion, King Salman stated:
“We proudly celebrate the anniversary of the founding of this blessed state in 1139 AH – 1727 CE. Since its establishment, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has laid the foundations of peace, stability, and justice.”
He added:
“The celebration of Founding Day is a commemoration of our state’s history, the unity of its people, its resilience in the face of challenges, and its aspirations for the future.”
Meanwhile, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman emphasized:
“We have a deeply rooted history that extends far into the past and intersects with many civilizations. While some believe the history of the Arabian Peninsula is short, in reality, we are an ancient and deeply established nation.”
February 22 was chosen as Founding Day to mark the beginning of Imam Muhammad bin Saud’s reign when he ascended the throne of Diriyah on the second half of 30 Jumada Al-Thani 1139 AH (February 22, 1727 CE).
Key Achievements of Imam Muhammad bin Saud
- Unification of Diriyah and establishment of stability
- Political stability and sovereignty
- Encouraging cities to join the Saudi state
- Building the Tarafiyyah neighborhood near Ghusaybah
- Organizing the state’s financial system
- Constructing Diriyah’s walls to counter external attacks
- Regulating internal and social affairs in Diriyah
- Supporting and protecting reform movements
- Defending the state against external campaigns
- Ensuring regional stability
- Unifying the Najd region
- Securing pilgrimage routes and trade roads
Since its foundation, Saudi Arabia has witnessed significant development across all sectors, culminating in the era of King Salman bin Abdulaziz and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.
Under their leadership, the Kingdom has built a thriving and sustainable economy, driven by Vision 2030, which has propelled advancements in social and economic sectors.
Stages of the Saudi State’s Foundation
- Diriyah was founded in 850 AH / 1446 CE
- The First Saudi State was established in 1139 AH / 1727 CE
- The Second Saudi State was established in 1240 AH / 1824 CE
- The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1319 AH / 1902 CE
- Saudi Arabia was unified in 1351 AH / 1932 CE
Founding Day celebrates the historical and cultural depth of the Kingdom and honors its rich heritage.
Difference Between Founding Day & National Day
Founding Day marks the establishment of the First Saudi State by Imam Muhammad bin Saud, while National Day commemorates the unification of the Kingdom by King Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman Al Saud.
The Founding Day emblem includes five key symbols that reflect the Kingdom’s heritage:
- Saudi Flag
- Palm Tree
- Falcon
- Arabian Horse
- Traditional Marketplace
Significance of Founding Day Symbols
Palm Tree
Dates have been an essential part of Saudi identity, culture, and heritage. The Kingdom produces a variety of dates, making it a significant economic resource.
Arabian Horse
The Arabian Peninsula is the original homeland of the Arabian horse, as confirmed by archaeological discoveries.
Horses and equestrian traditions have played an integral role in Saudi history, with rulers of the Kingdom historically breeding and preserving the finest Arabian horses.
Falcon
Falconry is a widely practiced sport and tradition in the Arabian Peninsula. It has long been considered a sport of kings, leaders, and nobles.
Traditional Marketplace
During the First Saudi State, the region was known for its vibrant markets, with many citizens engaging in trade.
Saudi Flag
The Saudi flag is a symbol of unity and national pride.
It has been raised in battles to boost the morale of fighters and is prominently displayed at official events and national celebrations.
Objectives of Founding Day
- Celebrating the Kingdom’s ancient civilization
- Honoring the strong ties between citizens and their leaders
- Recognizing Saudi Arabia’s unity, stability, and security
- Commemorating the strength and resilience of the First Saudi State
- Highlighting the enduring legacy of Saudi leadership
- Celebrating the national unity established by King Abdulaziz
- Honoring King Abdulaziz’s achievements in strengthening national cohesion
As Saudi Arabia celebrates its Founding Day, the occasion serves as a reminder of the nation’s deep-rooted history, its journey of resilience, and its aspirations for a prosperous future.
See More: King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Approves Saudi Riyal Currency Symbol
